Mação, PortugalDESIRE Project Harmonised Information Systemhttp://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/macao-portugal2016-09-22T20:42:29ZJoomla! 1.5 - Open Source Content ManagementContact the Mação study site team2010-11-23T14:03:08Z2010-11-23T14:03:08Zhttp://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/macao-portugal/473-contact-usJane Brandtmedesdesire@googlemail.com<table class="institute" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="6">
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<p>Institute full name:</p>
</td>
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<p>Universidade de Aveiro, departamento de Ambiente e Ordenamento</p>
</td>
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<td valign="top" width="139">
<p>Institute acronym:</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="451">
<p>UA-DAO</p>
</td>
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<p>Institute profile:</p>
</td>
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<p>The Department of Environment and Planning (DAO) members have considerable expertise in the various fields of environmental management and planning as well as urban and rural development and planning. DAO is one of the central pillars of the UAVR’s R&D Unit, <em>Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies</em> (CESAM). The Planning and Management of Natural Resources Group (GPGRN) has a long-standing record of research into hydrological, soil erosional and land degradational impacts of forest wildfires, socio-economic dimension of land degradation and deserfication perception studies of environmental hazards.</p>
<p>The group has a large research experience in Mediterranean and semi-arid environments through research projects in the European Mediterranean and North Africa. The group will focus on the impacts of forest fires and depopulation processes upon desertification.</p>
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<p>Website</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="451">
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ua.pt/">www.ua.pt</a></p>
</td>
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<p>Address</p>
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<td valign="top" width="451">
<p>Universidade de Aveiro, Departamento Ambiente e Ordenamento</p>
<p>Campus Universitário de Santiago</p>
<p>3810-193 Aveiro</p>
<p>Portugal</p>
Fax: +351.234 429 290</td>
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<p>Institute logo</p>
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<td valign="top" width="451"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro1.jpg.jpg" height="39" width="153" /><br /></td>
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<p>Institute image</p>
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<td valign="top" width="451"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro2.jpg.jpg" height="140" width="185" /><br /></td>
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<br />
<p>Involved personnel</p>
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<td valign="top" width="101">
<p>Name</p>
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<td valign="top" width="152">
<p>Contact details</p>
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<p>Key qualifications</p>
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<p>Photo</p>
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<p>Prof. Dr. Celeste de Oliveira Alves Coelho</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="152">
<p>Tel: +351 234 370 200</p>
<p>Ext: 22611</p>
E-mail: <a href="mailto:coelho@ua.pt">coelho@ua.pt</a></td>
<td valign="top" width="204">
<p>Coordinating several EU and Portuguese Government funded research and development projects. Pioneer in the study of erosion and hydrological processes in the forest and rangeland areas in Portugal.</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="133"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro3.jpg.jpg" /><br /></td>
</tr>
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<td valign="top" width="101">
<p>Prof. Dr. Filomena Martins</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="152">
<p>Tel: +351 234 370 200</p>
<p>Ext: 22614</p>
E-mail: <a href="mailto:filomena@ua.pt">filomena@ua.pt</a></td>
<td valign="top" width="204">
<p>Associate Professor participating in six EU-funded projects and twelve nationally funded projects. Specialist in socio-economic assessment and participative approaches.</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="133"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro4.jpg.jpg" /><br /></td>
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<td valign="top" width="101">
<p>Ing. Anne-Karine Boulet</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="152">
<p>Tel: +351 234 370 200</p>
<p>Ext: 22614</p>
E-mail: <a href="mailto:bolroulet@ua.pt">bolroulet@ua.pt</a></td>
<td valign="top" width="204">
<p>Agronomic Engineer, studying in the field hydrologic physical process related with land use changes, soil degradation and desertification. Participating in several European funded projects.</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="133"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro5.jpg.jpg" /><br /></td>
</tr>
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<td valign="top" width="101">
<p>Dr. Sandra Valente</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="152">
<p>Tel: +351 234 370 200</p>
<p>Ext: 22641</p>
E-mail: <a href="mailto:sandra.valente@ua.pt">sandra.valente@ua.pt</a></td>
<td valign="top" width="204">
<p>Urban and Regional planning specialist, with special interest in the water resources management, risk social perception and local development. Participating in several European funded projects.</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="133"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro6.jpg.jpg" /><br /></td>
</tr>
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<td valign="top" width="101">
<div style="line-height: 150%">João Soares</div>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="152">
<div>Tel.: +351 234 370 200</div>
<div>Ext.: 22641</div>
E-mail: jsoares@ua.pt</td>
<td valign="top" width="204">
<div>Environmental engineer, with a Master in Environmental Engineering (Thesis title: Strategic Environmental Assessment: methodological discussion of its application). Special interest in: land degradation, soil erosion, desertification and stakeholders’ involvement.</div>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="133"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro7.jpg.jpg" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table><table class="institute" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="6">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="139">
<p>Institute full name:</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="451">
<p>Universidade de Aveiro, departamento de Ambiente e Ordenamento</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="139">
<p>Institute acronym:</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="451">
<p>UA-DAO</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="139">
<p>Institute profile:</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="451">
<p>The Department of Environment and Planning (DAO) members have considerable expertise in the various fields of environmental management and planning as well as urban and rural development and planning. DAO is one of the central pillars of the UAVR’s R&D Unit, <em>Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies</em> (CESAM). The Planning and Management of Natural Resources Group (GPGRN) has a long-standing record of research into hydrological, soil erosional and land degradational impacts of forest wildfires, socio-economic dimension of land degradation and deserfication perception studies of environmental hazards.</p>
<p>The group has a large research experience in Mediterranean and semi-arid environments through research projects in the European Mediterranean and North Africa. The group will focus on the impacts of forest fires and depopulation processes upon desertification.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="139">
<p>Website</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="451">
<p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ua.pt/">www.ua.pt</a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="139">
<p>Address</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="451">
<p>Universidade de Aveiro, Departamento Ambiente e Ordenamento</p>
<p>Campus Universitário de Santiago</p>
<p>3810-193 Aveiro</p>
<p>Portugal</p>
Fax: +351.234 429 290</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="139">
<p>Institute logo</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="451"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro1.jpg.jpg" height="39" width="153" /><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="139">
<p>Institute image</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="451"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro2.jpg.jpg" height="140" width="185" /><br /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<br />
<p>Involved personnel</p>
<table class="institute" border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="6">
<thead>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="101">
<p>Name</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="152">
<p>Contact details</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="204">
<p>Key qualifications</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="133">
<p>Photo</p>
</td>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="101">
<p>Prof. Dr. Celeste de Oliveira Alves Coelho</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="152">
<p>Tel: +351 234 370 200</p>
<p>Ext: 22611</p>
E-mail: <a href="mailto:coelho@ua.pt">coelho@ua.pt</a></td>
<td valign="top" width="204">
<p>Coordinating several EU and Portuguese Government funded research and development projects. Pioneer in the study of erosion and hydrological processes in the forest and rangeland areas in Portugal.</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="133"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro3.jpg.jpg" /><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="101">
<p>Prof. Dr. Filomena Martins</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="152">
<p>Tel: +351 234 370 200</p>
<p>Ext: 22614</p>
E-mail: <a href="mailto:filomena@ua.pt">filomena@ua.pt</a></td>
<td valign="top" width="204">
<p>Associate Professor participating in six EU-funded projects and twelve nationally funded projects. Specialist in socio-economic assessment and participative approaches.</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="133"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro4.jpg.jpg" /><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="101">
<p>Ing. Anne-Karine Boulet</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="152">
<p>Tel: +351 234 370 200</p>
<p>Ext: 22614</p>
E-mail: <a href="mailto:bolroulet@ua.pt">bolroulet@ua.pt</a></td>
<td valign="top" width="204">
<p>Agronomic Engineer, studying in the field hydrologic physical process related with land use changes, soil degradation and desertification. Participating in several European funded projects.</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="133"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro5.jpg.jpg" /><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="101">
<p>Dr. Sandra Valente</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="152">
<p>Tel: +351 234 370 200</p>
<p>Ext: 22641</p>
E-mail: <a href="mailto:sandra.valente@ua.pt">sandra.valente@ua.pt</a></td>
<td valign="top" width="204">
<p>Urban and Regional planning specialist, with special interest in the water resources management, risk social perception and local development. Participating in several European funded projects.</p>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="133"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro6.jpg.jpg" /><br /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="101">
<div style="line-height: 150%">João Soares</div>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="152">
<div>Tel.: +351 234 370 200</div>
<div>Ext.: 22641</div>
E-mail: jsoares@ua.pt</td>
<td valign="top" width="204">
<div>Environmental engineer, with a Master in Environmental Engineering (Thesis title: Strategic Environmental Assessment: methodological discussion of its application). Special interest in: land degradation, soil erosion, desertification and stakeholders’ involvement.</div>
</td>
<td valign="top" width="133"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/aveiro7.jpg.jpg" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>Study site location & description2007-07-10T13:38:36Z2007-07-10T13:38:36Zhttp://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/macao-portugal/39-ma-portugal-study-site-descriptionJane Brandtmedesdesire@googlemail.com<p>The Mação study site is located in central Portugal, to the south east of Coimbra and centred on the town of Mação.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>{mosgmap mapid=34|height=350px|zoomtype=small|showmaptype=true}</p>
<table style="width: 531px; height: 91px;" border="0">
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<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/fig4-12.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="219" height="80" /></td>
<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/fig5-10.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="333" height="80" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p>Mação is one of the four UNCCD Pilot Areas in Portugal. It lies in a transition zone between the semi-arid and sub-humid regions of Portugal. It has undergone severe drought periods that have completely changed the character of the region during the past decade. Drought impacts have been compounded by catastrophic wildfires that destroyed most of the municipality's forested area. Some areas burned twice in as little as 5 years during the last decade, leading to severe soil and vegetation degradation. In addition, the local economy is weak, caused primarily by this being one of the Portuguese municipalities with the highest percentage of old people.</p>
<p><br /> Global climate change processes are leading to degradation of the soils, reduction of water supply and widespread poverty, which have all resulted in the outmigration of young people and consequent ageing of the remaining population. Several national and European development projects are currently being, or have been, implemented in an attempt to reverse the environmental and socio-economic degradation processes. DESIRE provides a framework that allows deeper insight into the degradation processes and an assessment of the efficiency of these measures aimed at reversing the degradation processes.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>View images of the study site</strong></p>
<iframe src="http://www.desire-his.eu///www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/key/zqZvK20ggaMo7I" width="595" height="485" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;" colspan="2"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... read the full study site description and an overview of all sites</strong></span><span style="color: #ffffff;"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b; width: 10%;"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=264&Itemid=619&lang=en"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/thumb/fig3-13.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="80" height="71" /></a></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;" valign="bottom"><strong><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Icons-mini-page_tick.gif" alt=" " /><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/wimba/SSD%20Macao,%20Portugal/" target="_blank">Read full study site description</a></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;" colspan="2"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=264&Itemid=619&lang=en"><strong>»Comparative overview of all study sites</strong></a><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=264&Itemid=619&lang=en"></a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table><p>The Mação study site is located in central Portugal, to the south east of Coimbra and centred on the town of Mação.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>{mosgmap mapid=34|height=350px|zoomtype=small|showmaptype=true}</p>
<table style="width: 531px; height: 91px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/fig4-12.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="219" height="80" /></td>
<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/fig5-10.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="333" height="80" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p>Mação is one of the four UNCCD Pilot Areas in Portugal. It lies in a transition zone between the semi-arid and sub-humid regions of Portugal. It has undergone severe drought periods that have completely changed the character of the region during the past decade. Drought impacts have been compounded by catastrophic wildfires that destroyed most of the municipality's forested area. Some areas burned twice in as little as 5 years during the last decade, leading to severe soil and vegetation degradation. In addition, the local economy is weak, caused primarily by this being one of the Portuguese municipalities with the highest percentage of old people.</p>
<p><br /> Global climate change processes are leading to degradation of the soils, reduction of water supply and widespread poverty, which have all resulted in the outmigration of young people and consequent ageing of the remaining population. Several national and European development projects are currently being, or have been, implemented in an attempt to reverse the environmental and socio-economic degradation processes. DESIRE provides a framework that allows deeper insight into the degradation processes and an assessment of the efficiency of these measures aimed at reversing the degradation processes.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>View images of the study site</strong></p>
<iframe src="http://www.desire-his.eu///www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/key/zqZvK20ggaMo7I" width="595" height="485" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" style="border:1px solid #CCC; border-width:1px; margin-bottom:5px; max-width: 100%;" allowfullscreen> </iframe>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;" colspan="2"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... read the full study site description and an overview of all sites</strong></span><span style="color: #ffffff;"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b; width: 10%;"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=264&Itemid=619&lang=en"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/thumb/fig3-13.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="80" height="71" /></a></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;" valign="bottom"><strong><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Icons-mini-page_tick.gif" alt=" " /><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/wimba/SSD%20Macao,%20Portugal/" target="_blank">Read full study site description</a></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;" colspan="2"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=264&Itemid=619&lang=en"><strong>»Comparative overview of all study sites</strong></a><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=264&Itemid=619&lang=en"></a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>Stakeholders and their sustainability goals2011-11-08T14:07:53Z2011-11-08T14:07:53Zhttp://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/macao-portugal/629-stakeholders-and-their-sustainability-goalsJane Brandtmedesdesire@googlemail.com<p><em>Note: The stakeholders and their sustainability goals are the same for both the Mação and Góis study sites.<strong><br /></strong></em></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>Area and people</strong><br />Forest zones.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Added value of DESIRE for stakeholders</strong> <br />The dialogue between actor's types which are not habit to speaking together. The exchange of point of view between various type of actors (in that case the municipality and the technicians allowed to find more complete solutions in their problem). The exchange of experiences between two study sites and two different types of stakeholders.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Study site stakeholder workshops</strong><br />The local stakeholders invited to the workshop were:</p>
<ul>
<li>members from the municipality council and parishes;</li>
<li>technicians from the Forest Technical Office (GTF);</li>
<li>technicians from the Municipal Civil Protection Agencies;</li>
<li>Civil Security Authority (GNR-SEPNA)</li>
<li>farmers;</li>
<li>forest associations;</li>
<li>local development associations.</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p>The external stakeholders invited to the workshop were:</p>
<ul>
<li>technicians from the AFN – Autoridade Florestal Nacional (National Authority to Forest);</li>
<li>technicians from the CCDR-C – Comissão de Coordenação de Desenvolvimento Regional da Região Centro (Commission for the Coordination of Regional Development in Central Portugal);</li>
<li>technicians from DRAP-C – Direcção Regional da Agricultura e Pescas do Centro (Regional Directorate of Agriculture and Fisheries in Central Portugal);</li>
<li>national representative of the Convention to Combat Desertification;</li>
<li>researcher.</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Limitations for spontaneous implementation of soil and water conservation practices</strong><br />Problems of ageing of the population in this zone, there is little active person so little means for the municipality.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Stakeholder groups</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>AFN - Autoridade Florestal Nacional (National Authority to Forest): This body is part of the Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Fisheries. Its main aims are to define a national forest policy and manage the forestry sector. It is actively involved in DESIRE with local representation, mainly with respect to the prescribed fire activity in Góis municipality and the promotion of Forest Intervention Areas (ZIF). (http://www.afn.min-agricultura.pt/portal (link expired))</li>
<li>UNCCD National Focal point: The NAP (National Action Programme) to Combat Desertification has been applied since 1999, with 5 Pilot Areas. Mação municipality is one of these Pilot Areas. A close working relation has been established during past years between members of the Portuguese participants in DESIRE and the Portuguese UNCCD focal point.</li>
<li>Instituto da Água (Water Institute): This body is responsible for the implementation of the national water policy. (http://www.inag.pt/ (link expired))</li>
<li>Autoridade Nacional de Protecção Civil (National Authority for Civil Protection): Civil protection is organized at municipal, regional and national levels. In the DESIRE project, civil protection is represented at the local level, where it is incorporated into local government authorities. (www.proteccaocivil.pt/)</li>
<li>DRAP-C - Direcção Regional de Agricultura e Pescas (Regional Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for the Central Region): This regional body is a branch of the Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Fisheries and supports the agriculture and fisheries sectors at the regional and local level. (<a href="http://www.drapc.min-agricultura.pt/" target="_blank">http://www.drapc.min-agricultura.pt/</a>)</li>
<li>CCDR-C - Commission de Coordenação de Desenvolvimento Regional do Centro (Commission for the Coordination of Regional Development in Central Portugal): is the regional government board with responsibilities for the environment and planning, and with responsibilities for the management of EU and government investment in the region. (<a href="http://www.ccdrc.pt/" target="_blank">http://www.ccdrc.pt/</a>)</li>
<li>Mação local government and municipal services: Mação municipality has ultimate responsibility for the management of the district and its resources, with an active role in the planning and management of the municipality territory. Mação local government has developed remarkable efforts in forest fire prevention, detection and fire-fighting through its Forest Technical Office and Municipal Civil Protection Services. This body has been collaborating on UAVR and ESAC research projects since the 1990s and is actively involved in the DESIRE project. (<a href="http://cm-macao.pt" target="_blank">http://cm-macao.pt</a>)</li>
<li>
<p>Góis local government and municipal services: As with Mação municipality, Góis is responsibility for the management of its territory and resources, with a crucial duty for planning and management activities. It also represents the local interests at higher levels of associations and governmental bodies. Due to the characteristics of the territory, forest municipality services are a majorly important body in the organization and has developed year-round activities to prevent forest fires and to maintain safety of the population and infrastructure. Góis territory and the surrounding areas are being use to test different types of means to prevent forest fires and for a long time they have served as an experimental environment for research teams. On the behalf of the DESIRE Project, Góis municipality has been collaborating with UAVR and ESAC on the different activities to the achieve the goals of the project.</p>
</li>
<li>Aflomação – Associação Florestal do Concelho de Mação (Forest Association of Mação Municipality): This body was created in 2004 to promote the association between forest owners and to create so-called Forest Intervention Areas. The involvement of this association in the DESIRE project is very important since it establishes interaction between the municipality and landowners. (<a href="http://www.aflomacao.pt/" target="_blank">http://www.aflomacao.pt/</a>)</li>
<li>University of Aveiro (UAVR) & ESAC: the relationship between these institutions and the local authorities has been established for more than fifteen years and it has been built on and reinforced since 1992 through several previous common research and development projects. (<a href="http://www.ua.pt" target="_blank">http://www.ua.pt</a> & <a href="http://www.esac.pt" target="_blank">http://www.esac.pt</a>)</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Sustainability goals</strong></p>
<p>The goals can be used as a starting point for a community to develop their own vision and goals for sustainable forestry. The list of sustainable forest management goals that were developed by other communities and organizations has been useful for this work package.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>“Our goal is to sustain and expand a renewable resource that will meet future consumer demand at competitive prices while, at the same time, respecting the diverse demands imposed by society, including the rational protection of sanctuary and habitat.” (Source: <a href="http://www.communitiescommittee.org/fsitool/index.html" target="_blank">http://www.communitiescommittee.org/fsitool/index.html</a>)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The table shows the sustainability goals that were identified for the two study sites.</p>
<table style="width: 100%;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df; width: 10%;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 1</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Conservation of biological diversity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 2</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Maintenance of productive capacity of forest ecosystems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 3</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Maintenance of forest ecosystem health and vitality</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 4</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Conservation and maintenance of soil and water resources</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 5</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Maintenance of forest contribution to global carbon cycles and climate change mitigation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 6</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Maintenance and enhancement of long-term multiple social and economic benefits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 7</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Streamlining and simplification of policy and legal instruments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 8</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Provide agricultural lands to balance opportunities with the protection of ecological systems</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><em>Source: information from regional and national plans and stakeholder workshops.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... </strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;"><strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/en/study-site-contexts/wp14-stakeholders-a-sustainability-thematicmenu-168">»Stakeholders & their sustainability goals - overview</a></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p> </p><p><em>Note: The stakeholders and their sustainability goals are the same for both the Mação and Góis study sites.<strong><br /></strong></em></p>
<p><strong> </strong></p>
<p><strong>Area and people</strong><br />Forest zones.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Added value of DESIRE for stakeholders</strong> <br />The dialogue between actor's types which are not habit to speaking together. The exchange of point of view between various type of actors (in that case the municipality and the technicians allowed to find more complete solutions in their problem). The exchange of experiences between two study sites and two different types of stakeholders.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Study site stakeholder workshops</strong><br />The local stakeholders invited to the workshop were:</p>
<ul>
<li>members from the municipality council and parishes;</li>
<li>technicians from the Forest Technical Office (GTF);</li>
<li>technicians from the Municipal Civil Protection Agencies;</li>
<li>Civil Security Authority (GNR-SEPNA)</li>
<li>farmers;</li>
<li>forest associations;</li>
<li>local development associations.</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p>The external stakeholders invited to the workshop were:</p>
<ul>
<li>technicians from the AFN – Autoridade Florestal Nacional (National Authority to Forest);</li>
<li>technicians from the CCDR-C – Comissão de Coordenação de Desenvolvimento Regional da Região Centro (Commission for the Coordination of Regional Development in Central Portugal);</li>
<li>technicians from DRAP-C – Direcção Regional da Agricultura e Pescas do Centro (Regional Directorate of Agriculture and Fisheries in Central Portugal);</li>
<li>national representative of the Convention to Combat Desertification;</li>
<li>researcher.</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Limitations for spontaneous implementation of soil and water conservation practices</strong><br />Problems of ageing of the population in this zone, there is little active person so little means for the municipality.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Stakeholder groups</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>AFN - Autoridade Florestal Nacional (National Authority to Forest): This body is part of the Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Fisheries. Its main aims are to define a national forest policy and manage the forestry sector. It is actively involved in DESIRE with local representation, mainly with respect to the prescribed fire activity in Góis municipality and the promotion of Forest Intervention Areas (ZIF). (http://www.afn.min-agricultura.pt/portal (link expired))</li>
<li>UNCCD National Focal point: The NAP (National Action Programme) to Combat Desertification has been applied since 1999, with 5 Pilot Areas. Mação municipality is one of these Pilot Areas. A close working relation has been established during past years between members of the Portuguese participants in DESIRE and the Portuguese UNCCD focal point.</li>
<li>Instituto da Água (Water Institute): This body is responsible for the implementation of the national water policy. (http://www.inag.pt/ (link expired))</li>
<li>Autoridade Nacional de Protecção Civil (National Authority for Civil Protection): Civil protection is organized at municipal, regional and national levels. In the DESIRE project, civil protection is represented at the local level, where it is incorporated into local government authorities. (www.proteccaocivil.pt/)</li>
<li>DRAP-C - Direcção Regional de Agricultura e Pescas (Regional Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for the Central Region): This regional body is a branch of the Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Fisheries and supports the agriculture and fisheries sectors at the regional and local level. (<a href="http://www.drapc.min-agricultura.pt/" target="_blank">http://www.drapc.min-agricultura.pt/</a>)</li>
<li>CCDR-C - Commission de Coordenação de Desenvolvimento Regional do Centro (Commission for the Coordination of Regional Development in Central Portugal): is the regional government board with responsibilities for the environment and planning, and with responsibilities for the management of EU and government investment in the region. (<a href="http://www.ccdrc.pt/" target="_blank">http://www.ccdrc.pt/</a>)</li>
<li>Mação local government and municipal services: Mação municipality has ultimate responsibility for the management of the district and its resources, with an active role in the planning and management of the municipality territory. Mação local government has developed remarkable efforts in forest fire prevention, detection and fire-fighting through its Forest Technical Office and Municipal Civil Protection Services. This body has been collaborating on UAVR and ESAC research projects since the 1990s and is actively involved in the DESIRE project. (<a href="http://cm-macao.pt" target="_blank">http://cm-macao.pt</a>)</li>
<li>
<p>Góis local government and municipal services: As with Mação municipality, Góis is responsibility for the management of its territory and resources, with a crucial duty for planning and management activities. It also represents the local interests at higher levels of associations and governmental bodies. Due to the characteristics of the territory, forest municipality services are a majorly important body in the organization and has developed year-round activities to prevent forest fires and to maintain safety of the population and infrastructure. Góis territory and the surrounding areas are being use to test different types of means to prevent forest fires and for a long time they have served as an experimental environment for research teams. On the behalf of the DESIRE Project, Góis municipality has been collaborating with UAVR and ESAC on the different activities to the achieve the goals of the project.</p>
</li>
<li>Aflomação – Associação Florestal do Concelho de Mação (Forest Association of Mação Municipality): This body was created in 2004 to promote the association between forest owners and to create so-called Forest Intervention Areas. The involvement of this association in the DESIRE project is very important since it establishes interaction between the municipality and landowners. (<a href="http://www.aflomacao.pt/" target="_blank">http://www.aflomacao.pt/</a>)</li>
<li>University of Aveiro (UAVR) & ESAC: the relationship between these institutions and the local authorities has been established for more than fifteen years and it has been built on and reinforced since 1992 through several previous common research and development projects. (<a href="http://www.ua.pt" target="_blank">http://www.ua.pt</a> & <a href="http://www.esac.pt" target="_blank">http://www.esac.pt</a>)</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Sustainability goals</strong></p>
<p>The goals can be used as a starting point for a community to develop their own vision and goals for sustainable forestry. The list of sustainable forest management goals that were developed by other communities and organizations has been useful for this work package.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>“Our goal is to sustain and expand a renewable resource that will meet future consumer demand at competitive prices while, at the same time, respecting the diverse demands imposed by society, including the rational protection of sanctuary and habitat.” (Source: <a href="http://www.communitiescommittee.org/fsitool/index.html" target="_blank">http://www.communitiescommittee.org/fsitool/index.html</a>)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The table shows the sustainability goals that were identified for the two study sites.</p>
<table style="width: 100%;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df; width: 10%;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 1</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Conservation of biological diversity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 2</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Maintenance of productive capacity of forest ecosystems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 3</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Maintenance of forest ecosystem health and vitality</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 4</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Conservation and maintenance of soil and water resources</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 5</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Maintenance of forest contribution to global carbon cycles and climate change mitigation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 6</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Maintenance and enhancement of long-term multiple social and economic benefits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 7</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Streamlining and simplification of policy and legal instruments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top"><strong>Goal 8</strong></td>
<td style="border-color: #ffffff; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; background-color: #c3d2df;" valign="top">Provide agricultural lands to balance opportunities with the protection of ecological systems</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><em>Source: information from regional and national plans and stakeholder workshops.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... </strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;"><strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/en/study-site-contexts/wp14-stakeholders-a-sustainability-thematicmenu-168">»Stakeholders & their sustainability goals - overview</a></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>Drivers, policies and laws2011-11-08T14:14:36Z2011-11-08T14:14:36Zhttp://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/macao-portugal/630-drivers-policies-and-laws-Jane Brandtmedesdesire@googlemail.com<p><em>Note: the drivers, policies and laws are the same for both the Mação and Góis study sites</em>
<p> </p>
<p>The reasons for desertification and land degradation occurring can be environmental (for example due to the climate or soil conditions), economic, due to the actions of people or, most often, due to a combination of factors. The resulting degradation may be temporary or permanent.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>To help understand this complex picture it can be helpful to think in terms the dominant socio-economic and environmental forces that are <strong>driving</strong> the process of land degradation. These place <strong>pressures</strong> on the land which have particular <strong>impacts</strong>. Human society may have already made <strong>responses</strong> to those impacts, or may have knowledge about how they could respond. Decisions about which responses to make may also be governed by a range of international, national or local <strong>policy</strong> regulations and agreements.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>In the Mação study site, the same stakeholder workshop and questionnaires that were used to identify existing and potential response strategies (<strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=179:stakeholder-workshop-1-ma-and-g-portugal&catid=216:macao-portugal&Itemid=365">»Identifying strategies: Stakeholder workshop 1</a></strong>) also discussed and identified these driving forces; pressures; impacts; and the policy and regulation environment. This information was then used to inform the choice of <strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=284:field-experiments&catid=216:macao-portugal&Itemid=365">»Field experiments</a></strong>, the scenarios used in <strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=638:simulated-biophysical-impact-of-remediation-strategies-and-their-financial-viability-&catid=216:macao-portugal&Itemid=365">»Simulated biophysical impact of remediation strategies and their financial viability</a></strong>, and context for the study site-specific <strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=635:policy-brief&catid=216:macao-portugal&Itemid=365">»Policy brief</a></strong> recommendations.</p>
<p> </p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" height="150" width="600">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="150" valign="top" width="565">
<script language="JavaScript">
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if(studysite=="1"){
technology1="Outmigration of active population, ageing population, land use change, negligence and failure to clean up forests.";
technology2="Introduction of exotic tree species, litter removal, severe drought periods.";
technology3="Increased runoff and sediment production, decreased soil organic matter and soil cover, increased invasive alien species, increased water repellency of soil, decreased water quality.";
technology4="Soil erosion, biodiversity loss, lower water quality, diminished wood production.";
technology5="Contour-felled logs (log erosion barriers, log terraces), mulching (potential), prescribed fire, reforestation, seeding, preventive forestry (fuel load management through mosaic landscape planning).";
technology6="Many laws and regulations have been formulated after the catastrophic forest fires in 2003 and 2005 additional to the existing forest management and planning laws and programmes.";
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if(studysite=="2"){
technology1="Outmigration of active population, land use change, ageing population, lack of integrated planning, negligence and failure to clean up forests, abandonment of traditional agro-forestry practices for large scale mono-culture forest plantations, land fragmentation through inheritance system.";
technology2="Introduction of exotic tree species (Pinus pinaster, Eucalyptus globulus), litter removal, severe drought periods, soil sensitivity to erosion, landslides.";
technology3="Decreased crop production, decreased farm income, decreased farm product diversity.";
technology4="Soil erosion, soil nutrient depletion.";
technology5="Terracing.";
technology6="Programmes were implemented focused on rural livelihoods and reforestation.";
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<tr>
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Socio-economic drivers</td>
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Environmental drivers</td>
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Impacts</td>
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<textarea cols="70" name="technology4" rows="3"></textarea></td>
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Responses</td>
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Policies</td>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... </strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/en/study-site-contexts/wp13-drivers-a-policy-thematicmenu-167"><strong>»Drivers and policy context for all study sites</strong></a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p> </p><p><em>Note: the drivers, policies and laws are the same for both the Mação and Góis study sites</em>
<p> </p>
<p>The reasons for desertification and land degradation occurring can be environmental (for example due to the climate or soil conditions), economic, due to the actions of people or, most often, due to a combination of factors. The resulting degradation may be temporary or permanent.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>To help understand this complex picture it can be helpful to think in terms the dominant socio-economic and environmental forces that are <strong>driving</strong> the process of land degradation. These place <strong>pressures</strong> on the land which have particular <strong>impacts</strong>. Human society may have already made <strong>responses</strong> to those impacts, or may have knowledge about how they could respond. Decisions about which responses to make may also be governed by a range of international, national or local <strong>policy</strong> regulations and agreements.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>In the Mação study site, the same stakeholder workshop and questionnaires that were used to identify existing and potential response strategies (<strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=179:stakeholder-workshop-1-ma-and-g-portugal&catid=216:macao-portugal&Itemid=365">»Identifying strategies: Stakeholder workshop 1</a></strong>) also discussed and identified these driving forces; pressures; impacts; and the policy and regulation environment. This information was then used to inform the choice of <strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=284:field-experiments&catid=216:macao-portugal&Itemid=365">»Field experiments</a></strong>, the scenarios used in <strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=638:simulated-biophysical-impact-of-remediation-strategies-and-their-financial-viability-&catid=216:macao-portugal&Itemid=365">»Simulated biophysical impact of remediation strategies and their financial viability</a></strong>, and context for the study site-specific <strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=635:policy-brief&catid=216:macao-portugal&Itemid=365">»Policy brief</a></strong> recommendations.</p>
<p> </p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" height="150" width="600">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="150" valign="top" width="565">
<script language="JavaScript">
function computeTech(form1){
// Initialise variables
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technology1="Outmigration of active population, ageing population, land use change, negligence and failure to clean up forests.";
technology2="Introduction of exotic tree species, litter removal, severe drought periods.";
technology3="Increased runoff and sediment production, decreased soil organic matter and soil cover, increased invasive alien species, increased water repellency of soil, decreased water quality.";
technology4="Soil erosion, biodiversity loss, lower water quality, diminished wood production.";
technology5="Contour-felled logs (log erosion barriers, log terraces), mulching (potential), prescribed fire, reforestation, seeding, preventive forestry (fuel load management through mosaic landscape planning).";
technology6="Many laws and regulations have been formulated after the catastrophic forest fires in 2003 and 2005 additional to the existing forest management and planning laws and programmes.";
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technology1="Outmigration of active population, land use change, ageing population, lack of integrated planning, negligence and failure to clean up forests, abandonment of traditional agro-forestry practices for large scale mono-culture forest plantations, land fragmentation through inheritance system.";
technology2="Introduction of exotic tree species (Pinus pinaster, Eucalyptus globulus), litter removal, severe drought periods, soil sensitivity to erosion, landslides.";
technology3="Decreased crop production, decreased farm income, decreased farm product diversity.";
technology4="Soil erosion, soil nutrient depletion.";
technology5="Terracing.";
technology6="Programmes were implemented focused on rural livelihoods and reforestation.";
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<table border="0" cellpadding="5" width="100%">
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td width="22%">
<b>Select main driver</b></td>
<td align="left" width="78%">
<select name="studysite"><option value="1">Repetitive wild fires</option><option value="2">Poor agricultural and forestry practices</option></select> <input name="Calculate" onclick="computeTech(this.form)" type="button" value="Go" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="5" width="100%">
<tbody>
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<td valign="top" width="22%">
Socio-economic drivers</td>
<td width="78%">
<textarea cols="70" name="technology1" rows="3"></textarea></td>
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Environmental drivers</td>
<td width="78%">
<textarea cols="70" name="technology2" rows="3"></textarea></td>
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<td valign="top" width="22%">
Pressures</td>
<td width="78%">
<textarea cols="70" name="technology3" rows="3"></textarea></td>
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Impacts</td>
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<textarea cols="70" name="technology4" rows="3"></textarea></td>
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Responses</td>
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<textarea cols="70" name="technology5" rows="3"></textarea></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="22%">
Policies</td>
<td width="78%">
<textarea cols="70" name="technology6" rows="3"></textarea></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... </strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/en/study-site-contexts/wp13-drivers-a-policy-thematicmenu-167"><strong>»Drivers and policy context for all study sites</strong></a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>Gender-related issues2011-03-03T13:54:23Z2011-03-03T13:54:23Zhttp://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/macao-portugal/557-gender-related-issuesJane Brandtmedesdesire@googlemail.com<p><iframe class="scribd_iframe_embed" src="http://www.scribd.com/embeds/79826839/content?start_page=1&view_mode=list&access_key=key-1f50kwo8u2p0v28nb4kd" data-auto-height="false" data-aspect-ratio="0.75" scrolling="no" id="doc_97322" width="590" height="500" frameborder="0"></iframe></p>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px; border: 1px solid #cccccc;" border="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b; background-color: #9b9b9b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... download the poster</strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border: 1px solid #cccccc; width: 5%;">
<p><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/thumb/Gender_matters_Macao.jpg.jpg" /></p>
</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #cccccc;">
<p><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif" /><strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/en/download-documents/doc_download/201-gender-related-issues-macao">Gender-related issues: Mação, Portugal</a></strong> [107 kB]</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p> </p><p><iframe class="scribd_iframe_embed" src="http://www.scribd.com/embeds/79826839/content?start_page=1&view_mode=list&access_key=key-1f50kwo8u2p0v28nb4kd" data-auto-height="false" data-aspect-ratio="0.75" scrolling="no" id="doc_97322" width="590" height="500" frameborder="0"></iframe></p>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px; border: 1px solid #cccccc;" border="1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b; background-color: #9b9b9b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... download the poster</strong></span></td>
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<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border: 1px solid #cccccc; width: 5%;">
<p><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/thumb/Gender_matters_Macao.jpg.jpg" /></p>
</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #cccccc;">
<p><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Icons-mini-file_acrobat.gif" /><strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/en/download-documents/doc_download/201-gender-related-issues-macao">Gender-related issues: Mação, Portugal</a></strong> [107 kB]</p>
</td>
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</table>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>Land degradation and conservation maps2009-06-08T12:52:53Z2009-06-08T12:52:53Zhttp://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/macao-portugal/265-sustainable-land-management-map-ma-portugalJane Brandtmedesdesire@googlemail.com<p>
The WOCAT tool for mapping land degradation and sustainable land management has been used in the Mação study site. Using the tool, an interdisciplinary team of specialists has recorded observations of land degradation, sustainable land management and recommendations for further prevention or mitigation on a land use base map. </p>
<p> </p>
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<b>Select map type</b></td>
<td align="left" width="78%">
<select name="mapchoice">
<option value="1">Land use: type</option>
<option value="2">Land use: trends</option>
<option value="3">Land use: intensity trend</option>
<option value="4">Degradation: type</option>
<option value="5">Degradation: extent</option>
<option value="6">Degradation: degree</option>
<option value="7">Degradation: rate</option>
<option value="8">Land conservation: groups</option>
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<option value="11">Land conservation: effectiveness</option>
<option value="12">Land conservation: effectiveness trends</option>
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</tbody>
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<b>Comments</b></td>
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<img alt="" name="mymap" src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/1.Macao_Landuse.jpg" width="595" />
</form>
<p style="text-align: right;"><em>Map version: 11Oct11</em></p>
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<span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... </strong></span></td>
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<strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=14&Itemid=166&lang=en">»Assessment and mapping methodology; summary results from all study sites</a></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
</p><p>
The WOCAT tool for mapping land degradation and sustainable land management has been used in the Mação study site. Using the tool, an interdisciplinary team of specialists has recorded observations of land degradation, sustainable land management and recommendations for further prevention or mitigation on a land use base map. </p>
<p> </p>
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<td align="left" width="78%">
<select name="mapchoice">
<option value="1">Land use: type</option>
<option value="2">Land use: trends</option>
<option value="3">Land use: intensity trend</option>
<option value="4">Degradation: type</option>
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<textarea cols="74" name="comment" rows="1"></textarea></td>
</tr>
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<img alt="" name="mymap" src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/1.Macao_Landuse.jpg" width="595" />
</form>
<p style="text-align: right;"><em>Map version: 11Oct11</em></p>
<p> </p>
<table border="0" style="width: 595px;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;">
<span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... </strong></span></td>
</tr>
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<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;">
<strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=14&Itemid=166&lang=en">»Assessment and mapping methodology; summary results from all study sites</a></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>
</p>Desertification risk assessment maps2011-11-08T14:15:14Z2011-11-08T14:15:14Zhttp://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/macao-portugal/631-desertification-risk-assessment-mapsJane Brandtmedesdesire@googlemail.com<p><em>Source: extracted from Karavitis, C., <em><em>Kosmas, C. </em></em> et al. (submitted article) An expert system towards assessing desertification risk using indicators. Environmental Management</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20tab7.jpg"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20tab7.jpg.jpg" height="248" width="141" /></a></td>
<td valign="bottom">The main processes or causes in the Mação study site are:
<ul>
<li>forest fires and</li>
<li>water erosion in agricultural areas.</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p>For these processes, the Desertification Risk Assessment Tool needed data to calculate 431 indicators in 31 map units. Using data from the WOCAT QM database, the required indicators were estimated and imported to the Assessment Tool.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The procedure was applied to all the map units in the study site and the DRI values calculated are shown in Table 1.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Table 1: Desertification risk calculation per map unit</em></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The DRI values were mapped for each of the 31 polygons (Map 1)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%;"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20map%205.1.png"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20map%205.1.png.jpg" height="250" /></a></td>
<td><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20map%205.2.png"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20map%205.2.png.jpg" height="250" /></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<p style="text-align: center;"><em>Map 1: Desertification risk index (DRI)</em> </p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" valign="top"><em>Map 2: Degree of land degradation (as assessed using the WOCAT mapping method)</em></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The DRI map was compared with the WOCAT QM of the same area (Map 2). It can be seen that the rate of degradation and the land conservation measures seen in the WOCAT map correspond closely to the DRI values, with the highest values of DRI coinciding with agronomic (vegetation soil cover) measures and the erosion due to water loss of the top soil.</p>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... about the use of the Desertification Risk Assessment Tool to calculate the Desertification Risk Index (DRI)</strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;"><strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/en/assessment-with-indicators/desertification-risk-assessment/888-using-the-desertification-risk-assessment-tool">»Using the Desertification Risk Assessment Tool</a></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p><p><em>Source: extracted from Karavitis, C., <em><em>Kosmas, C. </em></em> et al. (submitted article) An expert system towards assessing desertification risk using indicators. Environmental Management</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20tab7.jpg"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20tab7.jpg.jpg" height="248" width="141" /></a></td>
<td valign="bottom">The main processes or causes in the Mação study site are:
<ul>
<li>forest fires and</li>
<li>water erosion in agricultural areas.</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p>For these processes, the Desertification Risk Assessment Tool needed data to calculate 431 indicators in 31 map units. Using data from the WOCAT QM database, the required indicators were estimated and imported to the Assessment Tool.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The procedure was applied to all the map units in the study site and the DRI values calculated are shown in Table 1.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><em>Table 1: Desertification risk calculation per map unit</em></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The DRI values were mapped for each of the 31 polygons (Map 1)</p>
<p> </p>
<p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="width: 50%;"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20map%205.1.png"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20map%205.1.png.jpg" height="250" /></a></td>
<td><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20map%205.2.png"><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Envtl%20Mgt%20paper%20map%205.2.png.jpg" height="250" /></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top">
<p style="text-align: center;"><em>Map 1: Desertification risk index (DRI)</em> </p>
</td>
<td style="text-align: center;" valign="top"><em>Map 2: Degree of land degradation (as assessed using the WOCAT mapping method)</em></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The DRI map was compared with the WOCAT QM of the same area (Map 2). It can be seen that the rate of degradation and the land conservation measures seen in the WOCAT map correspond closely to the DRI values, with the highest values of DRI coinciding with agronomic (vegetation soil cover) measures and the erosion due to water loss of the top soil.</p>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... about the use of the Desertification Risk Assessment Tool to calculate the Desertification Risk Index (DRI)</strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;"><strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/en/assessment-with-indicators/desertification-risk-assessment/888-using-the-desertification-risk-assessment-tool">»Using the Desertification Risk Assessment Tool</a></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>Evaluating the desertification risk assessment tool with local experimental results2013-09-30T12:13:38Z2013-09-30T12:13:38Zhttp://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/macao-portugal/900-evaluating-the-desertification-risk-assessment-tool-with-experimental-resultsJane Brandtmedesdesire@googlemail.com<p><em>Author: Victor Jetten</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Introduction</strong></p>
<p>Like many Mediterranean countries Portugal suffers from forest fire due to its dry and hot climate. The problem is not only degradation of forest and the emission of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere but it also increases soil losses and pollution of water and air. The Mação Region in Portugal suffered massive fires in 2003 and 2005 affecting more than 70% of the municipality area. To protect the forest from wild fire strip network is constructed. The Vale Torto area near Góis in Portugal was burned by several fires in the 1970s and the early 1980s. Similarly the Camelo catchment near Góis also suffers from forest fire with the recent fire taking place in July 2008. Experiments included strip corridors (Macao) and prescribed burning (Vale Torto).</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The area has shallow Cambisols (< 30 cm deep) over metamorphic shists and steep slopes. The main vegetation is pine forest, Eucalypt and shrubs, but fire destroys this and decreases the vegetation cover. The climate shows a strong seasonality despite the overall high precipitation (600-1000 mm per year) with dry summers. The landscape has steep slopes and a deeply incised drainage system.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Desertification indices</strong><br />The index was calculated for water erosion, overgrazing, water stress and fire risk. The values depend on the selection for intact forest or for a burned area, which affects mainly water erosion and overgrazing. On the next page the result of three calculations are shown: intact forest, heavily burned forest and forest with fire protection measures. The differences between the areas are not sufficient to distinguish them in the desertification index tool.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Oddly enough the desertification index scores highest for overgrazing, and fire risk, for which the area is known, scores only as low risk. The fire risk depends on land use intensity which is difficult to estimate: if tourism is counted (which is one of the causes of forest fire) and the land use intensity is increased from low to high, the fire risk increases also from 1.49 to 1.65.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Water erosion and overgrazing give the highest risk factors, respectively 3.8 and 5.4 for an intact forest with a cover of 0.5-0.75. The fire risk is low: 1.7 and there is no water stress. After a forest fire with a low cover and high percentage of forest fire these values change to 4.5 for water erosion and 4.7 for overgrazing, presumably because there is less vegetation to graze upon.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The fire risk is not affected by the burning. This may indicate a false effect: in reality a forest fire would decrease the fuel load available and greatly decrease the risk. This is in fact the purpose one of prescribed burning, which is one of the control measures tested in the project. Fire protection also hardly affects fire risk, the index decreases from 1.65 to 1.48, both in the low risk zone.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Port%201.jpg"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Port%201.jpg.jpg" width="275" /></a></td>
<td><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Port%202.jpg"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Port%202.jpg.jpg" width="275" /></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>Intact forest (50-75% cover, no burning)</em></td>
<td><em>Burned forest (< 10% cover, heavy buring)</em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Port%203.jpg"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Port%203.jpg.jpg" width="275" /></a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>Extreme fire protection measures (>75% area protected)</em></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong><br />The desertification index gives a correct assessment that it shows water erosion as clear a risk in this area with shallow soils and steep slopes, as is also one of the objectives in the DESIRE project. Howver the erosion risk is also high for the natural situation of intact forest which is less clear. Overgrazing is also a risk in these fragile ecosystems which is not taking place yet because of the low animal density. Forest fire risk is not so well indicated, the index does not sem to e affected by variables that are related to forest fire for unclear reasons.</p>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... general conclusions and results from other study sites<br /></strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;"><strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=898:evaluating-the-desertification-risk-assessment-tool-with-experimental-results&catid=275:desertification-risk-assessment-tool&Itemid=629">»Evaluating the Desertification Risk Assessment Tool with experimental results</a></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p><p><em>Author: Victor Jetten</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Introduction</strong></p>
<p>Like many Mediterranean countries Portugal suffers from forest fire due to its dry and hot climate. The problem is not only degradation of forest and the emission of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere but it also increases soil losses and pollution of water and air. The Mação Region in Portugal suffered massive fires in 2003 and 2005 affecting more than 70% of the municipality area. To protect the forest from wild fire strip network is constructed. The Vale Torto area near Góis in Portugal was burned by several fires in the 1970s and the early 1980s. Similarly the Camelo catchment near Góis also suffers from forest fire with the recent fire taking place in July 2008. Experiments included strip corridors (Macao) and prescribed burning (Vale Torto).</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The area has shallow Cambisols (< 30 cm deep) over metamorphic shists and steep slopes. The main vegetation is pine forest, Eucalypt and shrubs, but fire destroys this and decreases the vegetation cover. The climate shows a strong seasonality despite the overall high precipitation (600-1000 mm per year) with dry summers. The landscape has steep slopes and a deeply incised drainage system.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Desertification indices</strong><br />The index was calculated for water erosion, overgrazing, water stress and fire risk. The values depend on the selection for intact forest or for a burned area, which affects mainly water erosion and overgrazing. On the next page the result of three calculations are shown: intact forest, heavily burned forest and forest with fire protection measures. The differences between the areas are not sufficient to distinguish them in the desertification index tool.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Oddly enough the desertification index scores highest for overgrazing, and fire risk, for which the area is known, scores only as low risk. The fire risk depends on land use intensity which is difficult to estimate: if tourism is counted (which is one of the causes of forest fire) and the land use intensity is increased from low to high, the fire risk increases also from 1.49 to 1.65.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>Water erosion and overgrazing give the highest risk factors, respectively 3.8 and 5.4 for an intact forest with a cover of 0.5-0.75. The fire risk is low: 1.7 and there is no water stress. After a forest fire with a low cover and high percentage of forest fire these values change to 4.5 for water erosion and 4.7 for overgrazing, presumably because there is less vegetation to graze upon.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>The fire risk is not affected by the burning. This may indicate a false effect: in reality a forest fire would decrease the fuel load available and greatly decrease the risk. This is in fact the purpose one of prescribed burning, which is one of the control measures tested in the project. Fire protection also hardly affects fire risk, the index decreases from 1.65 to 1.48, both in the low risk zone.</p>
<p> </p>
<p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Port%201.jpg"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Port%201.jpg.jpg" width="275" /></a></td>
<td><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Port%202.jpg"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Port%202.jpg.jpg" width="275" /></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>Intact forest (50-75% cover, no burning)</em></td>
<td><em>Burned forest (< 10% cover, heavy buring)</em></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a target="_blank" href="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Port%203.jpg"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/Port%203.jpg.jpg" width="275" /></a></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><em>Extreme fire protection measures (>75% area protected)</em></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>Conclusions</strong><br />The desertification index gives a correct assessment that it shows water erosion as clear a risk in this area with shallow soils and steep slopes, as is also one of the objectives in the DESIRE project. Howver the erosion risk is also high for the natural situation of intact forest which is less clear. Overgrazing is also a risk in these fragile ecosystems which is not taking place yet because of the low animal density. Forest fire risk is not so well indicated, the index does not sem to e affected by variables that are related to forest fire for unclear reasons.</p>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... general conclusions and results from other study sites<br /></strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;"><strong><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=898:evaluating-the-desertification-risk-assessment-tool-with-experimental-results&catid=275:desertification-risk-assessment-tool&Itemid=629">»Evaluating the Desertification Risk Assessment Tool with experimental results</a></strong></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>Identifying strategies: Stakeholder Workshop 12008-07-15T13:49:00Z2008-07-15T13:49:00Zhttp://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/macao-portugal/179-stakeholder-workshop-1-ma-and-g-portugalJane Brandtmedesdesire@googlemail.com<p><em>NB This report also covers the Góis study site.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p>A report on the results of the first DESIRE stakeholder workshop held in Mação, Portugal, 14-15 March 2008.</p>
<p> </p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #7b9ebd;">
<p><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>The workshop objectives were:</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>1. to develop a mutual learning process between local and external stakeholders aroundland degradation and conservation processes; </strong></span></p>
<p><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>2. to identify the already applied and the potential strategies to mitigate the desertification processes and;<br />3. to select the best technologies and approaches to be documented in WOCAT database.</strong></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
<p>In Portugal, forest fires are one of the major factors of land degradation processes. Affecting large areas every year, they also have serious human, socio-economic and psychological impacts. Two study sites were selected - <strong>Mação </strong>and <strong>Góis</strong>. Both sites are located in Central Portugal and are frequently affected by forest fires.</p>
</td>
<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/WP3_1_Portugal_1.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="400" height="208" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>The stakeholders </strong></p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Jane/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot.jpg" alt="" /><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/WP3_1_Portugal_2.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="311" height="178" /></td>
<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/WP3_1_Portugal_4.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="237" height="178" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 577px; height: 140px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/WP3_1_Portugal_3.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="88" height="136" /></td>
<td>
<p><strong>External factors identified</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Globalization and market policies;</li>
<li>Agricultural and environmental policies, not only at the EU Community level but also at the national and local level;</li>
<li>Low perception and knowledge about the local problems shown by technicians and policy makers;</li>
<li>Inadequate laws and lack of their implementation and control;</li>
<li>Changes on the social, economical and policy conjuncture;</li>
<li>Human depopulation.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>Indicators</strong></p>
</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="width: 200px;">
<p><strong> of land degradation</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>lack of vegetation;</li>
<li>low vegetation regeneration;</li>
<li>stony terrains;</li>
<li>lack of water;</li>
<li>several erosion forms;</li>
<li>soils burned;</li>
<li>some vegetation associations;</li>
<li>decrease and ageing of the population;</li>
<li>low public participation;</li>
<li>lack of investment.</li>
</ul>
</td>
<td valign="middle"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/WP3_1_Portugal_5.jpg" alt=" " width="156" height="160" /></td>
<td>
<p><strong> of land conservation</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>good practices (contour planting, terraces, water points, walls, forest fire, combat and prevention infrastructures);</li>
<li>tracks;</li>
<li>cleaned terrains;</li>
<li>existence of leisure areas;</li>
<li>municipalities approach to these problems;</li>
<li>conscientious and receptive population.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>View photographs taken during the workshop</strong></p>
<p><iframe src="http://www.desire-his.eu///www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/key/2VMzlRd2JGi33K" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" width="595" height="485" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" style="border: 1px solid #CCC; border-width: 1px; margin-bottom: 5px; max-width: 100%;"></iframe></p>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;" colspan="2"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... download full report and poster and see general results and conclusions from all sites</strong></span><span style="color: #ffffff;"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b; width: 10%;"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=21&Itemid=177&lang=en"></a><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/thumb/WP3.1_Stakeholder_Workshop_1_Portugal__Report_19_vJul08_-1.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="80" height="112" /></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;" valign="bottom">
<p><span class="doclink">English: <a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=42&Itemid=" class="doclink"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/components/com_docman/themes/default/images/icons/16x16/pdf.png" alt="icon" border="0" /><strong>WP3.1 Stakeholder Workshop 1: Portugal (report) </strong></a><span class="doclink"><strong><span class="small">1.39 MB</span></strong></span></span></p>
Português: <a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=79&Itemid=" class="doclink"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/components/com_docman/themes/default/images/icons/16x16/pdf.png" alt="icon" border="0" /><strong>WP3.1 Stakeholder Workshop 1: Portugal (report)_PT </strong></a><span class="doclink"><strong><span class="small">3.53 MB</span></strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=21&Itemid=177&lang=en"></a><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/thumb/WP3.1_Stakeholder_Workshop_1_Ma__o__results_poster_-1.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="95" height="66" /></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;" valign="bottom">
<p><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=52&Itemid=" class="doclink"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/components/com_docman/themes/default/images/icons/16x16/pdf.png" alt="icon" border="0" /><strong>WP3.1 Stakeholder Workshop 1: Mação (results poster) </strong></a><span class="doclink"><strong><span class="small">324.65 kB</span></strong></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;" colspan="2"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=21&Itemid=177&lang=en"><strong>»Identifying strategies: Stakeholder Workshop 1 methodology and summary results from all study sites</strong></a><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=21&Itemid=177&lang=en"></a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p> </p><p><em>NB This report also covers the Góis study site.</em></p>
<p> </p>
<p>A report on the results of the first DESIRE stakeholder workshop held in Mação, Portugal, 14-15 March 2008.</p>
<p> </p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #7b9ebd;">
<p><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>The workshop objectives were:</strong></span></p>
<p><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>1. to develop a mutual learning process between local and external stakeholders aroundland degradation and conservation processes; </strong></span></p>
<p><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>2. to identify the already applied and the potential strategies to mitigate the desertification processes and;<br />3. to select the best technologies and approaches to be documented in WOCAT database.</strong></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td>
<p>In Portugal, forest fires are one of the major factors of land degradation processes. Affecting large areas every year, they also have serious human, socio-economic and psychological impacts. Two study sites were selected - <strong>Mação </strong>and <strong>Góis</strong>. Both sites are located in Central Portugal and are frequently affected by forest fires.</p>
</td>
<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/WP3_1_Portugal_1.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="400" height="208" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>The stakeholders </strong></p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/Jane/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/moz-screenshot.jpg" alt="" /><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/WP3_1_Portugal_2.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="311" height="178" /></td>
<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/WP3_1_Portugal_4.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="237" height="178" /></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 577px; height: 140px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr valign="top">
<td><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/WP3_1_Portugal_3.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="88" height="136" /></td>
<td>
<p><strong>External factors identified</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Globalization and market policies;</li>
<li>Agricultural and environmental policies, not only at the EU Community level but also at the national and local level;</li>
<li>Low perception and knowledge about the local problems shown by technicians and policy makers;</li>
<li>Inadequate laws and lack of their implementation and control;</li>
<li>Changes on the social, economical and policy conjuncture;</li>
<li>Human depopulation.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>
<p><strong>Indicators</strong></p>
</td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="top">
<td style="width: 200px;">
<p><strong> of land degradation</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>lack of vegetation;</li>
<li>low vegetation regeneration;</li>
<li>stony terrains;</li>
<li>lack of water;</li>
<li>several erosion forms;</li>
<li>soils burned;</li>
<li>some vegetation associations;</li>
<li>decrease and ageing of the population;</li>
<li>low public participation;</li>
<li>lack of investment.</li>
</ul>
</td>
<td valign="middle"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/WP3_1_Portugal_5.jpg" alt=" " width="156" height="160" /></td>
<td>
<p><strong> of land conservation</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>good practices (contour planting, terraces, water points, walls, forest fire, combat and prevention infrastructures);</li>
<li>tracks;</li>
<li>cleaned terrains;</li>
<li>existence of leisure areas;</li>
<li>municipalities approach to these problems;</li>
<li>conscientious and receptive population.</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>View photographs taken during the workshop</strong></p>
<p><iframe src="http://www.desire-his.eu///www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/key/2VMzlRd2JGi33K" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" width="595" height="485" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen" style="border: 1px solid #CCC; border-width: 1px; margin-bottom: 5px; max-width: 100%;"></iframe></p>
<p> </p>
<table style="width: 595px;" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="background-color: #9b9b9b;" colspan="2"><span style="color: #ffffff;"><strong>More details ... download full report and poster and see general results and conclusions from all sites</strong></span><span style="color: #ffffff;"></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b; width: 10%;"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=21&Itemid=177&lang=en"></a><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/thumb/WP3.1_Stakeholder_Workshop_1_Portugal__Report_19_vJul08_-1.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="80" height="112" /></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;" valign="bottom">
<p><span class="doclink">English: <a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=42&Itemid=" class="doclink"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/components/com_docman/themes/default/images/icons/16x16/pdf.png" alt="icon" border="0" /><strong>WP3.1 Stakeholder Workshop 1: Portugal (report) </strong></a><span class="doclink"><strong><span class="small">1.39 MB</span></strong></span></span></p>
Português: <a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=79&Itemid=" class="doclink"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/components/com_docman/themes/default/images/icons/16x16/pdf.png" alt="icon" border="0" /><strong>WP3.1 Stakeholder Workshop 1: Portugal (report)_PT </strong></a><span class="doclink"><strong><span class="small">3.53 MB</span></strong></span></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=21&Itemid=177&lang=en"></a><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/thumb/WP3.1_Stakeholder_Workshop_1_Ma__o__results_poster_-1.jpg.jpg" alt=" " width="95" height="66" /></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;" valign="bottom">
<p><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=52&Itemid=" class="doclink"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/components/com_docman/themes/default/images/icons/16x16/pdf.png" alt="icon" border="0" /><strong>WP3.1 Stakeholder Workshop 1: Mação (results poster) </strong></a><span class="doclink"><strong><span class="small">324.65 kB</span></strong></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #9b9b9b;" colspan="2"><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=21&Itemid=177&lang=en"><strong>»Identifying strategies: Stakeholder Workshop 1 methodology and summary results from all study sites</strong></a><a href="http://www.desire-his.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&id=21&Itemid=177&lang=en"></a></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>Evaluating strategies: technologies and approaches documented2011-02-22T13:02:30Z2011-02-22T13:02:30Zhttp://www.desire-his.eu/index.php/en/macao-portugal/527-evaluating-strategies-technologies-and-approaches-documentedJane Brandtmedesdesire@googlemail.com<p><em>NB This article also covers the Góis study site.</em></p>
<p><em><br /></em></p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="bottom"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/technology.jpg.jpg" width="105" /></td>
<td valign="bottom">
<p>Stakeholder Workshop 1 identified a number of existing or potential strategies to combat desertification and land degradation in the Maçã and Góis study sites. In the months following the workshop these strategies (technologies or approaches) were documented and evaluated in a structured and standardised way and their descriptions were entered in the WOCAT Technologies and Approaches databases in order to share the information with other DESIRE sites as well as globally.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p>For details of all Technologies and Approaches documented in the WOCAT Database (from the DESIRE study sites and from other sites worldwide), see</p>
<ul>
<li><a target="_blank" href="http://cdewocat.unibe.ch/wocatQT/qt_report.php"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Icons-mini-page_url.gif" />WOCAT Technologies Database </a></li>
<li><a target="_blank" href="http://cdewocat.unibe.ch/wocatQA/SearchApproach.php"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Icons-mini-page_url.gif" />WOCAT Approaches Database</a></li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p>For those relating to this study site, click on the Name of technology or Name of approach to go directly to the descriptions in the database.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>WOCAT Technologies Database </strong></p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Country </span><br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Code </span><br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Name of technology</span> <br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Author </span><br /></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Portugal</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">POR01</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><a target="_blank" href="http://qt.wocat.net/qt_summary.php?lang=English&qt_id=53">»Primary strip network system for fuel management</a></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Coelho Celeste, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies - University of Aveiro</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Portugal</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">POR02</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><a target="_blank" href="http://qt.wocat.net/qt_summary.php?lang=English&qt_id=546">»Prescribed fire</a></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Palheiro Pedro, Autoridade Florestal Nacional</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><br /><strong>WOCAT Approaches Database </strong></p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><span style="color: #ffffff;"> </span><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Country </span><br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Code </span><br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Name of approach </span><br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Author</span></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Portugal</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">POR01</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><a target="_blank" href="http://qa.wocat.net/SummaryApproach.php?selected_language=english&selected_id=199">»Forest intervention area (ZIF)</a></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Coelho Celeste, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies - University of Aveiro</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p><p><em>NB This article also covers the Góis study site.</em></p>
<p><em><br /></em></p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="bottom"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/display/technology.jpg.jpg" width="105" /></td>
<td valign="bottom">
<p>Stakeholder Workshop 1 identified a number of existing or potential strategies to combat desertification and land degradation in the Maçã and Góis study sites. In the months following the workshop these strategies (technologies or approaches) were documented and evaluated in a structured and standardised way and their descriptions were entered in the WOCAT Technologies and Approaches databases in order to share the information with other DESIRE sites as well as globally.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p>For details of all Technologies and Approaches documented in the WOCAT Database (from the DESIRE study sites and from other sites worldwide), see</p>
<ul>
<li><a target="_blank" href="http://cdewocat.unibe.ch/wocatQT/qt_report.php"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Icons-mini-page_url.gif" />WOCAT Technologies Database </a></li>
<li><a target="_blank" href="http://cdewocat.unibe.ch/wocatQA/SearchApproach.php"><img src="http://www.desire-his.eu/images/stories/rsgallery/original/Icons-mini-page_url.gif" />WOCAT Approaches Database</a></li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p>For those relating to this study site, click on the Name of technology or Name of approach to go directly to the descriptions in the database.</p>
<p> </p>
<p><strong>WOCAT Technologies Database </strong></p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Country </span><br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Code </span><br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Name of technology</span> <br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Author </span><br /></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Portugal</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">POR01</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><a target="_blank" href="http://qt.wocat.net/qt_summary.php?lang=English&qt_id=53">»Primary strip network system for fuel management</a></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Coelho Celeste, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies - University of Aveiro</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Portugal</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">POR02</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><a target="_blank" href="http://qt.wocat.net/qt_summary.php?lang=English&qt_id=546">»Prescribed fire</a></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Palheiro Pedro, Autoridade Florestal Nacional</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p><br /><strong>WOCAT Approaches Database </strong></p>
<table border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><span style="color: #ffffff;"> </span><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Country </span><br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Code </span><br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Name of approach </span><br /></strong></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd; background-color: #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><strong><span style="color: #ffffff;">Author</span></strong></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Portugal</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">POR01</td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top"><a target="_blank" href="http://qa.wocat.net/SummaryApproach.php?selected_language=english&selected_id=199">»Forest intervention area (ZIF)</a></td>
<td style="border: 1px solid #7b9ebd;" valign="top">Coelho Celeste, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies - University of Aveiro</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p> </p>