Integrated methodological framework for land degradation and SLM monitoring and assessment, showing how DESIRE builds on the WOCAT, LADA and DDP approaches, providing examples in italics around the outside of the figure that show how each step may be operationalised (drawing on experience from the DESIRE project). Dashed arrows represent potential links that may not always be realised (adapted from Reed et al., 2006 and Reed et al., 2011)